Habilidades y destrezas competenciales para el desempeño laboral de personas adultas con diagnóstico de Trastorno de Déficit Atencional con o sin Hiperactividad en el mercado laboral costarricense

Abstract

Attention Deficit Disorder, with or without hyperactivity (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder included within the concept of neurodiversity and associated with stigmas and social constructs that have influenced the development of people with this disorder. This research aims to identify the skills and competencies of people diagnosed with ADHD to perform optimally at work by contrasting the neurobiology of executive functions and the main cognitive deficits associated with ADHD. The instruments used were an in-depth interview to analyze the sample's experiences in the workplace and the BRIEF-A test to evaluate executive functions using nine clinical scales. The results showed deficits in the majority of the sample on the clinical scales of working memory, planning and organization, inhibition, task monitoring, and initiation; however, they also reveal the sample's competitive advantage in developing competencies associated with helping and serving, influencing, management, and skills such as advanced technology, digital literacy, and multiculturalism, among others, thanks to the hyperfocus. This research concludes that, under the leadership of a professional trained in psychology and through the implementation of measures that adapt the work environment to the individual, these competitive advantages move beyond theory and become an integral part of a daily organizational practice.